ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities
ELS-JISH (E-ISSN: 2621-0835 | P-ISSN: 2621-0843) is a journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities: Linguistics, Literature, Language Teaching, Translation, and Culture, a scholarly peer-reviewed international scientific journal published quartely by the Faculty of Cultural Sciences Hasanuddin University, focusing on theories, methods, and materials in Linguistics, Literature, Language Teaching, Translation, and Culture (study and research). It provides a high profile, leading edge forum for academics, professionals, educators, consultants, practitioners and postgraduate students in the field of English Language Studies (ELS) to contribute and disseminate innovative new work on the disciplines. JISH was started in 2017 and first published in 2018. It invites original, previously unpublished, research and survey articles, plus research-in-progress reports and short research notes, on both practical and theoretical aspects of Linguistics, Literature, Language Teaching, Translation, and Culture.
Analysis of Multiculturalism Content in Book Édito 1 to Support Character Building of Beginner French Language Students
This study aims to analyze the multiculturalism content in the Édito 1 textbook and its contribution in supporting the strengthening of the character of beginning French language students. The study uses a qualitative approach with a content analysis method. The research data are in the form of text, images, and audio and video transcripts contained in the Édito 1 book. Data collection techniques are carried out through documentation, while data analysis is based on indicators of multiculturalism values which include learning to live in differences, building mutual trust, maintaining mutual understanding, upholding mutual respect, open-mindedness, appreciation and interdependence, and conflict resolution and non-violent reconciliation. The results of the study show that there are 48 multiculturalism contents spread across ten units, with the dominant indicators of learning to live in differences and appreciation and interdependence. These findings indicate that the Édito 1 book does not only function as a language learning tool, but also as a medium for instilling multicultural values that support the formation of student character, such as tolerance, openness, and appreciation of diversity. The absence of indicators for conflict resolution and reconciliation is understandable, as this book is intended for A1-level learners who are still at the basic communication stage. Therefore, Édito 1 is relevant as a teaching material to support multicultural education and strengthen the character of beginning French language students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eva Fitriyana, Sri Handayani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effectiveness of Audio-Visual Instructional Methods in Improving English Comprehension Skills among Public Senior Secondary School Students in Kakamega County
Audio-visual instructional methods have become increasingly important in enhancing language learning and comprehension skills in schools. However, limited studies have examined their effectiveness in improving English comprehension skills among public senior secondary school students in Kakamega County, Kenya. This study investigated the influence of educational videos and audio recordings on learners’ listening and reading comprehension skills, while also examining the role of teacher ICT competence and availability of audio-visual resources. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design targeting English teachers and students in public senior secondary schools in Kakamega County. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and observation checklists and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that educational videos and audio recordings positively improved learners’ English comprehension skills. Teacher ICT competence and the availability of audio-visual resources further enhanced the effectiveness of these instructional methods. The study concludes that audio-visual instructional methods significantly improve English comprehension skills among secondary school learners. The study contributes to existing knowledge by providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of audio-visual instructional methods within the Kenyan secondary school context. It recommends increased investment in ICT infrastructure, teacher digital training, and provision of adequate audio-visual instructional resources to enhance English language instruction and learner performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tonny Odhiambo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Critical Analysis of Sadness in “To Helen” by Edgar Allan Poe
This study analyzes the representation of sadness in To Helen by Edgar Allan Poe. Although the poem is commonly interpreted as a celebration of beauty and classical ideals, this research argues that it also contains subtle expressions of emotional suffering, longing, and psychological alienation. The study aims to identify how sadness is constructed through imagery, symbolism, diction, tone, and idealization within the poem. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method using textual and interpretative analysis supported by psychological and biographical approaches. The primary data source is the poem itself, while secondary data are obtained from books, journal articles, and literary criticism related to Poe’s poetry and Dark Romanticism. The findings reveal that sadness in “To Helen” is expressed indirectly through emotional longing, escapism, nostalgia, and the idealization of beauty. The speaker’s emotional exhaustion and desire for refuge are reflected in classical imagery and symbolic language that portray Helen as an unattainable figure of comfort and perfection. Furthermore, the poem reflects characteristics of Dark Romanticism, particularly psychological conflict and emotional isolation. The study concludes that sadness in “To Helen” functions not only as an emotional theme but also as an aesthetic experience in which emotional pain is transformed into poetic beauty. Therefore, the poem demonstrates Poe’s ability to combine melancholy and artistic elegance through subtle and symbolic expression.
Copyright (c) 2026 Bahmansyur, Abbas Abbas , Rahmawati Azi, Muliyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Linguistic Agency and Emotional Lexicon in Jane Eyre: A Corpus-Assisted Literary Analysis for English Language Teaching
This study investigates the construction of linguistic agency and emotional expression in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë through a corpus-assisted stylistic approach. The research aims to examine how syntactic structures, modality, pronoun usage, and emotional vocabulary reflect the protagonist’s psychological transformation and evolving identity throughout the narrative. The study employs a qualitative descriptive design supported by corpus-assisted analysis within the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). The corpus was constructed from the complete text of the novel, consisting of approximately 183,000 words, from which 450 linguistic units and 1,248 clauses were purposively selected and analyzed across three narrative phases: childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. The findings reveal a significant shift from passive to active constructions, indicating the development of linguistic agency and self-determination. The analysis of modality demonstrates an increasing use of volitional expressions such as will and shall, reflecting stronger interpersonal authority and autonomy. Furthermore, the emotional lexicon evolves from expressions associated with fear, sorrow, and repression toward vocabulary emphasizing freedom, hope, independence, and self-worth. These findings suggest that language functions as an important mechanism for the construction of identity, agency, and emotional transformation within literary discourse. The study also highlights the pedagogical relevance of corpus-assisted literary analysis in English Language Teaching (ELT), particularly in fostering students’ linguistic awareness and critical interpretation of literary texts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muliyani, Harlinah Sahib, Rahmawati Azi, Bahmansyur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Tadulako University Students’ Perceptions Toward the Use of ChatGPT Voice as an English Speaking Practice Tool
Speaking skill is an essential competence in English language learning; however, it remains a challenge for many students, particularly in terms of fluency, confidence, and limited opportunities for real-life practice. With the advancement of digital technology, ChatGPT Voice has emerged as an alternative learning medium that allows students to practice speaking in a more flexible and accessible way. This study aims to explore the perceptions of students from the English Education Department of Tadulako University toward the use of ChatGPT Voice as an English speaking practice tool. This research employs a qualitative approach with narrative analysis, involving students selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by identifying patterns of experiences and meanings constructed by the participants. The findings reveal that students’ perceptions of ChatGPT Voice are generally positive, as the tool provides a comfortable and low-pressure learning environment that encourages active speaking practice, reduces anxiety, increases confidence, and supports linguistic development such as fluency, vocabulary, and pronunciation through repeated interaction and feedback. However, students also recognize several limitations, particularly the lack of authentic human interaction, including emotional expression and natural conversational dynamics. Therefore, ChatGPT Voice is not perceived as a replacement for real communication, but rather as a supplementary tool that is used independently, selectively, and strategically in developing students’ speaking skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ismi Awalia, Darmawan, Wahyudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Forms And Functions Of Code-Mixing In Student Interactions During Academic Task Discussions
Code-mixing is a common phenomenon among bilingual and multilingual speakers: a person inserts elements from another language into their speech, not because the situation demands it, but because it simply feels more fitting. This study examines the forms and functions of code-mixing in conversations among students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, particularly when they discuss academic assignments. Three questions guide this research: what forms of code-mixing appear, which type occurs most frequently, and what pragmatic functions it serves in informal academic discussions. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach from a sociolinguistic standpoint, with data drawn from two naturally occurring conversation sessions through audio recording, observation, and field notes. The findings show that the most dominant form is inner code-mixing the insertion of Javanese elements into Indonesian speech broken down into word insertions (63%), phrase insertions (27%), and clause insertions (10%). Four pragmatic functions were identified: facilitating informal communication, marking group solidarity and identity, providing emphatic stress, and clarifying complex arguments. The conclusion is simple but significant: code-mixing is not evidence of limited language ability. In student discussions, it is a choice deliberate, purposeful, and effective.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dwi Ratna Swari, ⁠Hanum Zanuba Raihanah Salma, Abdul Kholiq https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Revisiting The American (Youth) Dream in Matt Haig’s ‘The Midnight Library’
This study examines the evolving representation of the American Dream in contemporary literature, emphasizing its relevance to youth perspectives in modern society. In The Midnight Library, the American Dream is portrayed as a shifting and negotiated concept, where younger generations move beyond traditional ideals of material success, social status, and externally defined achievements. The present study interprets Nora Seed’s actions as a representation of a negotiated version of the American Dream. The study aims to describe the behaviors and decisions that reflect the pursuit of the American Dream from a youth perspective, as well as to contextualize these actions as part of a broader redefinition of the concept itself. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on the analysis of non-numeric data derived from the narrative to generate interpretative insights. The findings reveal that contemporary youth redefine success by valuing small achievements, emotional and psychological well-being, and personal passions as meaningful sources of satisfaction, rather than adhering to traditional measures of success. In conclusion, The Midnight Library demonstrates that the concept of the American Dream has significantly evolved in contemporary society, reflecting changing values that emphasize individuality, authenticity, and inner fulfillment.
Copyright (c) 2026 Chrisna Aditya Siagian, Zuhrul Anam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Academic Resilience as a Mediator in the Relationship between Academic Job Insecurity and Student Burnout
Job insecurity is common among students and is usually reflected in their worries or anxiety about their future job prospects. This study aims to examine the relationship between job insecurity and academic burnout, with academic resilience as a mediator. The subject selection method used purposive sampling, with Indonesian students experiencing anxiety about their future. The Job Insecurity Scale (JIS) was used in this study, with a Cronbach's α score of 0.88. Furthermore, the Maslach Burnout Instrument-Student Survey, with a Cronbach's α score of 0.80, was used to measure academic burnout. Finally, the Academic Resilience scale, with a Cronbach's α score of 0.90, was also used. The results indicate that academic resilience can reduce academic burnout, especially in students experiencing academic job insecurity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Agustin Andhika Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Indonesia's Development Diplomacy in Great Power Competition and ASEAN-Global South Interdependence 2025–2026
This study analyzes Indonesia's development diplomacy strategy in response to the dynamics of the increasingly intense competition between the United States and China in the 2025 period until now. The transformation of the global development finance architecture—especially through the expansion of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the United States' Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII)—has created a structural dilemma for developing countries in the Southeast Asian region. This study identifies a research gap in the form of a lack of studies that combine the perspective of complex interdependence (Keohane & Nye) with the reality of Indonesia's contemporary development policy post-2025 within the framework of South-South Cooperation. Using a qualitative policy analysis method with a comparative case study approach, this article argues that Indonesia strategically adopts an 'active hedging' posture in development diplomacy—utilizing dual membership in the G20, ASEAN, and BRICS+ as a platform to optimize development capital flows without getting caught up in bloc rivalries. The findings suggest that the complex interdependence framework significantly explains Indonesia's capacity to diversify development partnerships, but there are theoretical limitations in explaining the identity dimensions and norms in South-South policies. The policy implications lead to the need for institutionalization of stronger multilateral coordination mechanisms within the framework of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP).
Copyright (c) 2026 Septianis Afipah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Abdurrahman Wahid's Cosmopolitanism in the Protection of Religious Freedom in Indonesia: Policy Analysis and Implementation Challenges
Indonesia as a pluralistic country faces challenges in ensuring religious freedom in the midst of ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity. Although various studies have discussed pluralism and are associated with the thought of Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur), studies that specifically link the concept of cosmopolitanism with the implementation of public policies in the protection of religious freedom are still limited. This research aims to analyze the concept of Gus Dur's cosmopolitanism and its implementation in public policy and the challenges faced in the context in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method, utilizing primary sources in the form of Gus Dur's writings and policies as well as secondary sources from relevant academic literature. Data analysis was carried out through content analysis techniques to interpret Gus Dur's ideas and policies in the socio-political context of Indonesia. The results of the study show that Gus Dur's cosmopolitanism is reflected in concrete policies such as the revocation of discriminatory regulations against the Confucian community and his defense of minority groups. However, the implementation of these values faces structural, political, and cultural challenges. This research confirms that Gus Dur's cosmopolitanism is relevant as a normative foundation in strengthening democracy and tolerance in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2026 Difa Meetia Putri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Oral Tradition To Digital Media: The Recontextualization Of Betawi Culture From Lotman’s Semiotic Perspective In The Works Of Tadjuddin Nur
This article examined the transformation of Betawi oral culture in the digital age through a semiotic analysis of the works of Tadjuddin Nur. Oral culture, which previously existed in the form of live performances, is now shifting to audio-visual digital platforms, such as YouTube. This study employed a semiotic approach by combining Charles Sanders Peirce’s triadic theory of signs and Yuri Lotman’s cultural semiotics perspective to understand how meaning is produced, represented, and reinterpreted in a digital context. Research methods included netnography and multimodal analysis of verbal, visual, and performative elements in Tadjuddin Nur’s YouTube content. The findings revealed that digitization functions as a space for recontextualization, generating new, more interactive, and multimodal forms of oral tradition, where Tadjuddin Nur acts as a cultural mediator bridging oral traditions with digital technology within a dynamic semiosphere. In addition, the study shows that digital media make Betawi oral traditions more accessible to a wider audience. At the same time, these platforms allow the culture to adapt and remain relevant in today’s modern society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Somadi Sosrohadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Cultural-Based Educational Policy Strategy in Revitalizing the Betawi Language in Elementary and Junior High Schools in Jakarta
This study aims to analyze the implementation of revitalizing the Betawi language at the elementary school (SD) and junior high school (SMP) levels in Jakarta through the integration of local culture in educational activities. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method to describe the practices of using the Betawi language in school learning contexts. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of learning documents and school cultural activities. The results show that the policy of revitalization of the Betawi language is more effective when integrated into project-based learning, school cultural activities, and creative activities that incorporate elements of Betawi culture, such as art performances, role-playing, and daily communication practices. This approach has proven capable of increasing students’ interest, participation, and awareness of the Betawi language as part of their local cultural identity. However, its implementation of the revitalization program still faces several challenges, including the absence of a specific curriculum, limited teaching materials, lack of teacher training, and the influence of popular and global languages in students’ daily lives. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a strategy to include a structured curriculum or local content program, provide relevant teaching materials, improve teacher capacity, and utilize digital technology and social media as learning media. Sustainable policy support and collaboration among schools, government, and communities are essential factors in strengthening the revitalization of the Betawi language and maintaining the sustainability of local language as part of Jakarta’s cultural identity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nana Yuliana, Tadjuddin Nur, Somadi Sosrohadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Taboo Language in Daily Conversations of English Education Students at HKBP Nommensen University
This study aims to identify the types of Indonesian taboo language used by fifth-semester students of the English Education Study Program at HKBP Nommensen University and to analyze the contextual factors influencing their use in daily conversations. Taboo language frequently appears in informal communication and reflects social interaction patterns among students. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method. The data were collected through natural observation and audio recordings of students’ conversations around the ground floor area of Building L at HKBP Nommensen University. A total of 193 taboo expressions were identified from 35 speech events. The data were analyzed using the classification of taboo language proposed by Edwin L. Battistella, while the contextual analysis was interpreted through the SPEAKING model developed by Dell Hymes. The findings reveal that epithets are the most frequently used type of taboo language in students’ conversations. These expressions are commonly used in informal interactions to express emotions, humor, and solidarity among peers. The study indicates that taboo language in this context functions not only as offensive language but also as a strategy for maintaining social bonding among students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sahlan Tampubolon, Aroon Fritz Ogest Malau, Susanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Ellipsis as a Translation Strategy Found in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Novel This Earth of Mankind
This study investigates the use of ellipsis as a translation strategy in the English translation of the novel This Earth of Mankind by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The research aims to identify the types of ellipsis and examine how ellipsis is realized as a translation strategy in the target text. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method by comparing the Indonesian source text with its English translation. The analysis is based on the ellipsis framework proposed by M.A.K. Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan and the translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir, as well as translation principles by Peter Newmark. A total of 135 instances of ellipsis were identified in the analyzed data. The findings reveal that three types of ellipsis occur in the translation, namely clausal, verbal, and nominal ellipsis, with clausal ellipsis appearing as the most dominant type. In terms of translation techniques, reduction is the most frequently applied strategy, indicating that the translator tends to condense recoverable linguistic elements rather than completely deleting them. The findings also show that communicative translation is the dominant translation principle, emphasizing readability and naturalness in the target language. These results suggest that ellipsis functions as an important strategy for achieving textual cohesion, narrative efficiency, and stylistic naturalness in literary translation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gracella Matovani Sirait, Yessy Octaviana, Febrika Dwi Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Translation Techniques Of English Translation On Umpasa And Umpama In Batak Toba Wedding Ceremonies
This research investigates the complex interplay between traditional oral literature and digital linguistics. Specifically, it analyzes the translation techniques applied to Umpasa and Umpama the ritualistic proverbs and poetry of the Batak Toba culture translated into English within the socio-cultural context of traditional wedding ceremonies. The study aims to describe the representation of cultural meanings and evaluate the maintenance or shift of traditional values when processed through the Large Language Model, Gemini AI. Adopting a descriptive qualitative approach, a corpus of 48 units of oral literature was meticulously collected through field observations in Samosir Regency and further validated by Raja Parhata to ensure cultural authenticity. The findings reveal 63 occurrences of specific translation techniques, with Established Equivalence emerging as the most dominant method (16 findings). This indicates a strategic priority toward functional clarity for a global audience. The analysis concludes that while a linguistic shift from esoteric, metaphorical language to explicit meanings is inevitable, the core philosophical pillars of Batak life Hagabeon, Hamoraon, and Hasangapon remain successfully preserved in the digital translation process.
Copyright (c) 2026 Berlianta B. Sinaga, Yessy Octaviana, Nurhayati Sitorus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis Of Metaphors Found In Aku Ini Binatang Jalang By Chairil Anwar
This research aims to analyze the types and meanings of metaphors found in selected poems by Chairil Anwar based on Goatly’s theory of metaphor. The objectives of this study are to identify the kinds of metaphors used and to interpret their meanings in each poem. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method. The data were collected from ten selected poems, namely Aku, Sajak Putih, Diponegoro, Penghidupan, Suara Malam, Catetan Tahun 1945, Aku Berada Kembali, Cintaku Jauh di Pulau, Senja di Pelabuhan Kecil, and Derai-derai Cemara. The data were analyzed by classifying the metaphors into active metaphor, subjective metaphor, asymmetric metaphor, dead metaphor, and mimetic metaphor according to Goatly’s framework. The findings show that Chairil Anwar dominantly uses active metaphors to express strong emotions, rebellion, struggle, and existential awareness. Subjective metaphors are frequently used to convey personal feelings and psychological conditions. Asymmetric metaphors reflect power relations, conflict, and life struggles, while dead metaphors indicate expressions that have become conventional in meaning. Mimetic metaphors are used to create imaginative and dramatic imagery in the poems. The analysis reveals that metaphors play an important role in strengthening meaning, emotional intensity, and poetic expression in Chairil Anwar’s works. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of metaphor analysis in literary studies, especially in Indonesian poetry. It is expected that this research can enrich readers’ comprehension of figurative language and provide references for future researchers who are interested in metaphor studies using Goatly’s theory.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lendawati Manurung, Yessy Otaviana, Usman Sidabutar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Constructing The State’s Financial Identity: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of The Indonesian Government’s Fiscal Narrative In Sri Mulyani Indrawati’s 2025 Budget Speech
This study analyzes how the Indonesian government constructs its fiscal narrative and financial identity through Sri Mulyani Indrawati’s 2025 Budget Speech. Using Fairclough’s three-dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis, it examines linguistic features, production processes, and the socio-political context surrounding the speech. The qualitative analysis focuses on lexical choices, modality, rhetorical structuring, intertextual references, and the institutional setting of the national budgeting process. The findings show that the speech functions as more than a fiscal report; it strategically shapes public understanding of state finance. Technical economic terminology is interwoven with greetings, moral cues, and nationalist references to project authority, responsibility, and cultural legitimacy. Institutional framing and references to established economic doctrines further reinforce credibility. The speech ultimately serves two purposes: to legitimize fiscal decisions before lawmakers and to cultivate public trust by stressing stability, resilience, and collective responsibility. This demonstrates how budget speeches construct coherent narratives that support policy direction and state authority.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Alim Akbar Nasir, M. Bahri Arifin, Wilma Prafitri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Analysis of Organizational Behavior and Teacher Performance Satisfaction in Private Madrasah Aliyah (MAS), South Tangerang City, Banten
This study aims to analyze organizational behavior and its impact on teacher performance satisfaction at Private Madrasah Aliyah (MAS) in South Tangerang City. The main issue addressed in this research is the extent to which communication, leadership, organizational culture, and organizational structure contribute to the level of job satisfaction and teacher performance. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, questionnaires, and document analysis. The research subjects included principals, teachers, and educational staff from two private madrasahs, namely MA Jamiyyah Islamiyah and MA Al-Ikhwaniyah. The findings indicate that organizational behavior in both madrasahs falls into a good category, with a high overall average score. Effective communication, participative leadership, harmonious relationships among teachers, as well as institutional support and recognition are dominant factors that enhance teacher job satisfaction and performance. On the other hand, the balance between workload and welfare, as well as the alignment between salary and job responsibilities, still require further attention. Overall, healthy organizational behavior creates a conducive work environment, strengthens teacher motivation and loyalty, and directly contributes to improving the quality of education in the madrasah.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nuryati Djihadah, Zehan, Estiningsih Trihandayani, Ersam Mahendrawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Humanitarian Facts In Fahad Alammari’s Film Alkhallat+: A Study Of Lucien Goldmann's Genetic Structuralism
The film Alkhallat+ by Fahad Alammari is a social reflection of modern Saudi Arabian society, rich in human values. This study aims to analyze aspects of humanity, both individually and socially, using Lucien Goldmann's genetic structuralism theory. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, with a dialectical analysis technique between the structure of the film text and the social context of contemporary Arab society. Previous studies show that the film Alkhallat+ a study of lucien goldmann’s genetic structuralism has been analyzed through various approaches, such as structural functionalism, pragmatics, and gender deconstruction. However, there has been no study that specifically focuses on the human aspects within the framework of genetic structuralism. Therefore, this study makes an original contribution by revealing the relationship between the individual conflicts of the characters and the collective worldview of society. The results of the study show that this film contains human facts that include moral conflicts, family tensions, gender bias, and social pressures that represent the reality of modern Arab society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nur Azizah Arifin, Muhammad Nurhasan, Maman Abdul Djaliel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Noble Values In The Culture Of "Angngaru” Oral Traditions Of Makassar
This article explores the noble values embedded within the "Angngaru" oral tradition of the Makassar culture, which serves as an important element of the region's intangible cultural heritage. "Angngaru" is a traditional form of oral expression practiced in Makassar society, characterized by poetic recitations that convey principles of honor, bravery, loyalty, and social harmony. Through a cultural and anthropological approach, this study aims to elucidate the symbolic meanings and philosophical insights that “Angngaru” imparts, reflecting the deeply rooted values of Makassar’s collective identity. The findings demonstrate that “Angngaru” not only strengthens communal bonds but also functions as a medium for transmitting ethical teachings and local wisdom across generations. By preserving “Angngaru”, Makassar society maintains a cultural foundation that supports moral integrity and resilience amid modernity's challenges. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how oral traditions serve as vehicles for moral and ethical teachings in Indonesian cultural landscapes, specifically within the context of Makassar.
Copyright (c) 2026 Surjasni, Sirajuddin Kamal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Women’s Language In Media: A Study Of Blackpink’s Interview On Zach Sang Show Podcast
This study examines women’s language features in global media discourse by analyzing Blackpink’s interview on the Zach Sang Show podcast. It explores how Lakoff’s theory operates in the context of multilingualism and global celebrity status. Using a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected from the transcription of Blackpink’s 2019 podcast interview and analyzed using Lakoff’s framework, and the stages of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña (2014). The findings show that eight out of ten women’s language features were identified in the conversation. Lexical hedges and fillers appeared most frequently (36%), while the second most frequently intensifiers (32%). And rising intonation, empty adjectives, precise color terms, super polite form, avoidance of strong swear words, and emphatic statement occurred less frequently. These results suggest that women’s language features function as strategic linguistic choices shaped by multilingualism and celebrity identity. By integrating Lakoff’s theory to global media and celebrity discourse, this study contributes to the development of sociolinguistic research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nazmi Fawwaziah, Abd. Hannan, Hasbi Assiddiqi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reinventing Grammar Pedagogy through Mobile-Assisted Learning: Busuu-Assisted Tense Mastery in an Indonesian Madrasah Tsanawiyah
This research addresses the persistent challenge of tense instruction in Indonesian madrasah tsanawiyah, where grammar learning is often perceived as rule-heavy and detached from meaningful practice. The study aims to examine the extent to which Busuu-assisted learning can enhance eighth-grade students’ English tense mastery and to outline a feasible classroom integration model within a realistic school timetable. A pre-experimental one-group pre-test–post-test design was employed with qualitative approach. The participants were 23 eighth-grade students at MTs DDI Tuppu Pinrang selected from an intact class; however, complete matched pre- and post-test scores were available for 22 students and were used for analysis. Students completed a 30-item multiple-choice grammar test on simple present, simple past, and simple future tenses before and after six weekly Busuu-assisted treatments (two class periods per meeting). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired comparison, applying the Wilcoxon signed-rank test due to non-normal gain scores. The results showed a substantial increase in students’ tense mastery from pre-test (M = 20.18) to post-test (M = 28.23), with a significant pre–post difference (p < .001) and a very large effect (r ≈ 0.88). The findings suggest that structured mobile-assisted practice through Busuu, combined with teacher guidance and error-focused review, can serve as a practical strategy for revitalizing grammar pedagogy in Islamic junior high school contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sepia Sepia, Kalsum Kalsum, Abdul Haris Sunubi, Munawir Munawir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Illocutionary Speech Acts in the Lyrics of “Mathasibnish” Based on Searle’s Theory
Song lyrics as a form of poetic text not only serve an aesthetic function but also contain a communicative dimension that reflects the speaker’s attitudes, intentions, and emotional states within interpersonal relationships. In the context of modern popular Arabic music, themes of betrayal and disappointment are frequently represented through language rich in pragmatic meaning. This study aims to examine the realization of illocutionary speech acts in the lyrics of “Mathasibnish” written by Amir Teima and popularized by Sherine Abdel Wahab. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, drawing on speech act theory proposed by J. L. Austin and further developed by John Searle, which classifies illocutionary acts into representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative categories. The data consist of utterances in the song lyrics, collected through documentation techniques and analyzed through processes of identification, classification, and interpretation of their pragmatic functions. The findings reveal that four types of illocutionary speech acts are present in the lyrics, namely representatives, directives, commissives, and expressives, while declaratives are not identified. The dominance of expressive acts emphasizes that the song discourse is oriented toward the expression of emotion, particularly feelings of disappointment and inner pain resulting from betrayal. Meanwhile, representative, directive, and commissive acts function to reinforce the speaker’s position and decisions within the relationship.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ashfa Sabila Zahro, Ahmad Kholil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Language Style Used on the Caption of @ecobites.official Instagram Account: A Stylistic Study
The language style used in captions is one of the advertising strategies to attract audiences. Captions, as a linguistic aspect, play an important role in supporting the effectiveness of advertising on Instagram. Through using this language style, Ecobites, as an eco-friendly product can create advertisements that can spread awareness about the importance of using eco-friendly products. This aims to persuade the audience to choose ECOBITES. Therefore, examining Instagram captions as advertising tool is worth to studying. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the types of the language style used in the Instagram captions of the @ecobites.official account. The theory that was used in this study is Keraf’s (2007) theory. This study uses qualitative method, with documentation technique to collect the data. The subjects are 15 captions from the @ecobites.official Instagram account. The results show that @ecobites.official Instagram captions used varied language styles, they are 1) Based on the word choice, @ecobites.offficial Instagram captions were dominated by conversational language style; 2) @ecobites.official Instagram captions were dominated by intermediate language style when viewed based on tone; 3) Based on the sentence structure, Ecobites’ Instagram captions were dominated by climax and repetition language style; and 4) Language style based on the direct and indirect meaning that used in Ecobites’ Instagram captions were dominated by rhetorical language style.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Wulan Septiani, Lina Purwaning Hartanti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Musicalization (الإيقاع) of Meaning in the Poetry of Nusantara Scholars: A Study of 'Arūd by Kyai Syuhud Zayyadi
This study aims to answer how prosodic structures specifically the bahr, taf‘īlah, and metrical variations such as zihāf and ‘illah are applied in the poem Ila Tabatal Hasna’ by Kiai Syuhud Zayyadi. This research is grounded in the theory of ‘ilm al ‘arūḍh as formulated by Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi, the founding figure of classical Arabic prosody, which provides a systematic framework for analyzing poetic meter through rhythmic patterns and morphological changes. The novelty of this research lies in its detailed analysis of a Nusantara scholar’s Arabic poem, an area rarely explored despite adhering to the strict rules of classical Arabic prosody. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study employs textual analysis, including transcription into khat ‘arūdī, scansion, identification of the governing bahr, recognition of taf‘īlah patterns, and observation of metrical variations. The findings reveal consistent use of a specific bahr and the presence of zihāf, particularly the form qabdl, while no ‘illah is detected in the analyzed verses. These results demonstrate that the poetic craftsmanship of Nusantara scholars aligns with the precision of classical Arabic poetry. This study contributes to expanding prosodic research within the pesantren tradition and opens opportunities for further exploration of Arabic literary production in the Indonesian context.
Copyright (c) 2026 Kafia Azzahro, Halimi Zuhdy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Function of Affixes in Augmented Triliteral Verbs of the Fa''ala Pattern in the Arba'in Hadith
This study examines the role of affixes (al-lawāṣiq) in augmented triliteral verbs following the fa‘‘ala (فَعَّلَ ) pattern as found in Hadith Arba‘in An-Nawawiyah by Imam An-Nawawi. The main focus of this research is to identify the types and semantic functions of affixes within the verbal structures of Hadith Arba‘in and to explain their morphosyntactic roles. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach using the distributional method (al-tawzī‘ī) through deletion and substitution techniques. The research data are derived from the original text of Hadith Arba‘in containing verbs in the fa‘‘ala pattern, such as ‘allama, ṣaddaqa, and raddada. The findings indicate that affixes in the fa‘‘ala pattern function to express transitivity (al-ta‘diyah), intensification or frequency (lil-takthīr), and removal or negation (lil-salb), which transform the characteristics of the base verb into stronger, causative, or repetitive meanings. This analysis demonstrates that affixation functions not only as a mechanism of word formation but also enriches the theological dimension of hadith meaning. The study confirms that the analysis of affix functions in augmented triliteral verbs of the fa‘‘ala pattern plays a crucial role in understanding the grammatical and semantic meanings of Hadith Arba‘in, and reveals the close relationship between Arabic morphological structure and the reinforcement of normative messages that are educational, moral, and spiritual in nature.
Copyright (c) 2026 Neng Nurmaltuffah, Ihin Solihin, Dayudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Exploring Multimodality in Teaching Writing: A Narrative Inquiry of an English Teacher in an Indonesian Senior High School
Using multimodality in teaching second language writing allows English teachers to creatively combine two or modes in describing what goes on at each stage of the writing process. Studies confirmed that multimodality in teaching English as a foreign language could help to activate classroom atmosphere and inspiring students’ motivation. However, studies focusing on multimodality in teaching writing are still limited. Thus, this study aims at exploring the modes employed by the teacher in teaching writing and investigating how the teacher combined those methods in describing each stage of the writing process. By using narrative inquiry, the researchers obtained the data mainly by using the semi-structured interview. The participant of this study was an English teacher in a high school. The findings stated that a teacher employed modes like visual display, classroom layout, voice quality, gesture, and body movement in teaching writing. The teacher then combined those modes in describing stages of the writing process by designing some activities involving students’ active participation and group work. This study has implications for teachers and researchers interested in exploring multimodality in teaching English particularly in writing and generally in other skills, listening, speaking, and reading.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anjar Nur Cholifah, Doni Alfaruqy, Harits Setyawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Expressive Function Of Figurative Language In The Novel Katarsis By Anastasia Aemilia: A Stylistic Study
Figurative language is not merely an aesthetic ornament, but a means of expressing psychological meaning in literary works. This study aims to examine the form and function of figurative language in Anastasia Aemilia's novel Katarsis through a stylistic approach. By connecting linguistic and aesthetic aspects, this study focuses on understanding the relationship between language, context, and emotional effects on readers. Using a qualitative descriptive method with the Simak and Catat techniques, as well as data in the form of quotations containing elements of metaphor, personification, simile, synesthesia, anatomicia, and metonymy, the data was analyzed based on the stylistic theories of Henry Guntur Tarigan and Gorys Keraf. Data in the form of quotations from the novel containing figurative language elements, such as metaphors, personification, similes, synesthesia, anatomicia, and metonymy, were analyzed based on the stylistic theories of Henry Guntur Tarigan and Gorys Keraf. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with observation and note-taking techniques. The results show that the use of figurative language in the novel Katarsis is very dominant and plays an important role in shaping the characters, building the atmosphere, and describing the inner conflicts and past traumas of the main characters. Metaphors and similes are the most frequently used figures of speech to express extreme emotions, inner turmoil, and tension in the storyline, both explicitly and implicitly. These findings confirm that figurative language in this novel is a medium for conveying complex psychological messages to readers, while also contributing to the development of modern literary stylistics studies in understanding the aesthetic and expressive functions of narrative prose.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fataya Azzahra, Rurani Adinda, Fairuz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Shifting Values in Global Children’s Literature: A Comparative Thematic Analysis from 2001 to 2025
Children’s literature reflects how societies teach younger generations moral reasoning, empathy, and cultural identity. Over the past two decades, global children’s literature has undergone significant shifts in theme and form, reflecting broader social and technological changes. This study examines the evolution of ethical functions, representation, and narrative media in children’s literature across three phases: 2001–2009, 2010–2019, and 2020–2025. Using a qualitative comparative design and reflexive thematic analysis, the research examines award-winning and internationally circulated works to identify shifting values and patterns in storytelling practices. Findings indicate that the literary works of the early 2000s, dominated by fantasy and dystopia, deliver the moral laboratories where young readers practiced ethical judgment within imagined worlds. The 2010s redirected this focus toward realism, inclusion, and social participation, highlighting the rise of own-voices authors and multimodal formats such as verse and graphic novels. In the 2020s, children's literature has increasingly engaged with real-world crises—pandemics, racial justice, climate anxiety, and mental health—transforming stories into tools for recovery, empathy, and digital literacy. Across these three periods, children’s literature moves from imagining moral choices to enabling real ethical action, from representing diversity to institutionalizing it, and from textual storytelling to interactive, cross-media experiences. This evolution demonstrates that children’s literature is no longer a passive reflection of cultural change but actively shapes global empathy and civic awareness among young readers.
Copyright (c) 2026 Desy Eva Laila Rokhmah, Abdurrahman Shaleh Reliubun, Arin Mantara Anggawirya, Reski Amalia S https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Learning English through Storytelling: Using Let’s Read Digital Picture Books for First Graders
Teaching English to first graders in EFL classroom will meet challenges because the students are still in the phase of transition from kindergarten school to elementary school. In a situation where first graders still struggle to read and write in Indonesian language, an English teacher requires an effective way to help the students be interested in learning this language. Since the characteristics of young learners are active, learn through sensory, and focus on concrete things, storytelling can be chosen to teach English for first graders. Let’s Read as a digital picture book can be used for storytelling for its beautiful illustration and levels of reading difficulty that can be adjusted based on the ages of the readers. This research aims to investigate the role of Let’s Read in helping first graders learn English through storytelling and how it boosts the students’ productive skills. The method used was case study. The participants were 18 first graders and the data was collected from classroom observation, documentation during storytelling and making a picture book, and teacher’s reflection. The results showed Let’s Read as a learning media helped young learners in learning English because of its interesting features and it boosted the students’ productive skills through a picture book making.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hana Ristami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0