Design and Construction of an Internet of Things (IoT) Based Air Quality Monitoring System Using Thingspeak and Website

Abstract

The condition of the air on earth is getting worse every year due to air pollution. Air pollutants as the cause of pollution have various types, including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. One form of effort in controlling pollution can be in the form of air quality information announced to the public. In South Sulawesi, the Environmental Management Agency (DPLH) only operates an air quality measurement system with limited functions. In this study, an Internet of Things (IoT)-based air quality monitoring system was designed using WEMOS D1 Mini with MQ-7 and MQ-135 sensors to detect pollutant levels. Data from the system will be integrated and displayed through the Thingspeak platform and website, so that it can be accessed by everyone anytime and anywhere in a multiplatform manner that makes it easier for the public to monitor and maintain environmental air quality. Data related to pollutants from the system can also be utilized by parties who need the information. The designed system was then subjected to a series of tests including hardware testing, software testing, and overall testing. The results of the study showed that the air quality monitoring system was successfully created. In testing the calibration results and readings of the MQ-7 sensor with a comparison tool, the average percentage error of sensors 1 and 2 was 9.01% and 14.44% when using cigarette smoke as a source of pollutants, and 47% and 7.19% when using exhaust gas from motor vehicles. Similar testing on the MQ-135 with a comparison tool, the average percentage error of sensors 1 and 2 was 3.12% and 2.77% when conditions were not treated, and 3.29% and 5.06% when using paper smoke as an additional pollutant. Based on the delay test, it was obtained that Thingspeak had a high delay with values ​​varying from 8-1 seconds and 14-1 seconds when using Telkomsel and Tri providers. Meanwhile, the website has a smaller delay with a value of only around ≤ 1 second when using the Telkomsel and Tri providers.